The invention relates to a portable sterilization anti-acarid dust collector. The dust collector comprises a dust collector body, a portable handle, an ash storage chamber and a dust collection opening, the portable handle is connected to the upper portion of the dust collector body, and a motor containing cavity is formed in the dust collector body; the ash storage chamber is arranged below the dust collector body, the ash storage chamber is communicated with the dust collection opening, and a motor is arranged in the motor containing cavity; a fan impeller is connected to the front end of the rotation shaft of the motor, a dust filter is arranged between the fan impeller and the dust collection opening, lamp bins are arranged in the dust collection opening, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged in the lamp bins. According to the portable sterilization anti-acarid dust collector, places with small space and plenty of gaps can be effectively dedusted, by using irradiation of ultraviolet rays, bacteria and acarid are killed, and the effects of improving the cleaning efficiency and killing bacteria and removing acarid are achieved.