The invention discloses a single-lens light splitting zoom microscope system which relates to the field of optical technology. The system comprises a light source. A counting pool is arranged above the light source. A high-power objective lens is arranged above the counting pool. An optical splitting lens is arranged above the objective lens. One side of the optical splitting lens is provided with a first lens, and the other side is provided with a second lens. A first CCD sensor is arranged behind the first lens. A reflector is arranged behind the second lens. An image turning mirror is arranged in a light outlet path of the reflector. A second CCD sensor is arranged behind the image turning mirror. Compared with prior art, the system is advantageous in that the system can settle problems of time wasting and high difficulty in accurately searching a positive area in manual adjustment to high-power imaging, and offset possibility of the positive area from a visual field in automatic adjustment to high-power.