The invention discloses a zero air generation device and an air quality monitoring system. The zero air generation device has the technical advantages of simple structure, high purity of the produced zero air and suitableness for application to a high-precision air quality detection system. The zero air generation device comprises a water filter tank, a silica gel filter tube, a Purafil filter tube, a heating reaction tube and an activated carbon filter tube which are communicated in sequence by virtue of pipelines, wherein the water filter tank is filled with a purified water solution; silica gel in the silica gel filter tube is cellular; a Purafil material used for filtering NO and SO2 in air is arranged in the Purafil filter tube; a platinum catalyst is arranged in the heating reaction tube; the activated carbon filter tube is filled with modified activated carbon. According to the zero air generation device provided by the invention, the technical problems that nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone and hydrocarbons in the filter cannot be fully filtered can be effectively solved.