The invention discloses a bagasse treatment device with a feeding trough. The bagasse feeding trough is arranged above a body of a leaching device; three stages of contra-rotating cosine rollers are arranged in the body; surfaces of the contra-rotating cosine rollers are continuous cosine curved surfaces; a bagasse guide groove is formed below each stage of contra-rotating cosine roller; the final stage of guide groove is connected with a hopper of a bagasse elevator; a discharging groove of the elevator is connected with a bagasse temporary storage groove; a water inlet valve is arranged on the elevator; a filter and a liquid outlet tube are arranged on the upper part of the body; the liquid outlet tube is connected with a three-effect long-tube climbing-film evaporating and concentrating device; a cosine plastic plate pulse aeration device is arranged in the body; and a mechanical ultrasonic exciter is arranged at the left lower corner of the body. The three stages of contra-rotating cosine rollers, the cosine plastic plate pulse aeration device and the mechanical ultrasonic exciter have distinct characteristics, and can cooperatively facilitate leaching and extracting of sugar, and the bagasse treatment device has working principles and technical effects which are difficultly predicted by those skilled in the art, and has high actual application value.