The invention discloses a high temperature-resistant polyphenylene sulfide hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing polyphenylene sulfide and a composite pore-forming agent with a mass part ratio being (50 to 90) : (10 to 50); step 2, mixing the ready materials until the materials are uniform; step 3, sending the uniformly mixed ready material in an extruder; and step 4, melting and blending the uniformly mixed ready material and supercritical carbon dioxide in the extruder, hollowly extruding a mixture after melting and blending, and carrying out drawing traction, cooling and forming on an extrusion to obtain the high temperature-resistant polyphenylene sulfide hollow fiber membrane. The preparation method has the advantages that the hollow fiber membrane obtained by preparation is large in flux and high in strength; the processing temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide with the temperature being 20-60 DEG C can be lowered, an organic solvent is not used in a preparation process, and the preparation method is low-cost, is easy for processing, and is environmentally friendly.