The present invention discloses a barrel-type experiment apparatus for measuring shock resistance performance of a buffer, comprising a sleeve, an outer cylinder, a chassis, a body barrel, M flanges and N rails. The bottom of the outer cylinder is fixed to the chassis, the body barrel is arranged in the outer cylinder, and the outer wall of the body barrel is sleeved with a guiding block. The N rails are arranged along the long axis of the body barrel and are evenly distributed in the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The guiding block is matched with a guide rail and slides along the guide rail. The M flanges are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the outer cylinder and are attached to the outer cylinder. The outer wall of the sleeve is provided with P ears, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the top of the body barrel, and the sleeve is located above the outer cylinder. One end of a buffer to be tested is fixed with the ears of the sleeve and the other end is fixed with the flanges. The apparatus has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low production cost and better simulation of the shock condition of the transmitting device, and is applicable to a plurality of buffers.