The invention provides a mine hoisting-conveying system. The mine hoisting-conveying system is characterized by comprising a hoisting container and a power dragging system and further comprising a first guiding wheel, a second guiding wheel and a dragging steel wire rope, wherein the first guiding wheel and the second guiding wheel are fixedly arranged, and the dragging steel wire rope is wound on the first guiding wheel and the second guiding wheel in sequence; the first guiding wheel is arranged in the position higher than the position of the second guiding wheel; one end of the dragging steel wire rope is connected with the hoisting container, and the other end of the dragging steel wire rope is connected with the power dragging system directly or indirectly; and when the hoisting container is located at a first loading point or a first unloading point, conveying equipment is located at a second loading point or a second unloading point correspondingly. The invention further provides a mine hoisting-conveying method. A tail rope does not need to be arranged; the hoisting container and a conveying system can operate synchronously, so that the working efficiency is improved; an even number of steel ropes can be arranged; and the mine hoisting-conveying system can be used for hoisting with the large hoisting amount in an ultra-deep well.