The invention relates to an efficient ingot casting deslagging device and a using method and belongs to the technical field of lead and zinc smelting. The efficient ingot casting deslagging device comprises two racks, a transverse transmission mechanism, a longitudinal transmission mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a slag dragging and discharging mechanism and a control device; the transverse transmission mechanism is mounted on the tops of the two racks, the longitudinal transmission mechanism is mounted on the transverse transmission mechanism, the lifting mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal transmission mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is connected with the slag dragging and discharging mechanism; the slag dragging and discharging mechanism moves along with movement of an ingot mould, and slag dragging can be carried out even in the continuous operating state of a linear ingot casting machine; the slag dragging and discharging mechanism conducts one-way slag dragging, and even if leakage slag exists, it is guaranteed that the leakage slag is at the edges of lead and zinc; and the slag dragging and discharging mechanism achieves slag discharging by adopting the vibrating and beating modes, so that it is guaranteed that slag discharging is thorough and clean.