The invention discloses a device and process for removing the local overheating effect in the pipeline welding process. According to the device and process, the phenomenon of local overheating of a weld can be removed effectively. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a mechanical skeleton, a cooling sleeve I, a cooling sleeve II, a cooling sleeve III, a cooling sleeve IV, a suspension rod I, a suspension rod II, a water injecting pipe and an argon injecting pipe; the inner sides of the cooling sleeve III and the cooling sleeve IV make contact with a welding pipeline; the mechanism skeleton is arranged on the outer sides of the cooling sleeve III and the cooling sleeve IV; the cooling sleeve I and the cooling sleeve II are arranged on the outer side of the mechanism skeleton; a cavity formed between the mechanism skeleton and the cooling sleeve III is a water storage cavity; a cavity formed among the cooling sleeve II, the mechanism skeleton and the cooling sleeve IV is an argon cavity; the suspension rod I and the water injecting pipe are arranged on the outer side of the cooling sleeve I; and the suspension II and the argon injecting pipe are arranged on the outer side of the cooling sleeve II.