The invention discloses a fixed bed counter-current regeneration device of ion exchange resin and an application method of the fixed bed counter-current regeneration device and belongs to the field of ion exchange resin regeneration. The fixed bed counter-current regeneration device comprises a cyclone separator, a regenerative reactor, an all-mixed resin reactor, a desorption liquid storage tank and a regenerant storage tank; the cyclone separator is arranged at the top of the regenerative reactor; the upper part of the cyclone separator is communicated with the all-mixed resin reactor; a resin inlet is formed at the bottom of the cyclone separator; a resin bed and a resin filter are arranged in the regenerative reactor; a resin outlet and a regenerant inlet are formed in the bottom of the regenerative reactor; the resin outlet is communicated with the all-mixed resin reactor; the regenerant inlet is communicated with the desorption liquid storage tank and the regenerant storage tank separately; and a regenerant outlet is also formed in one side of the regenerative reactor and is communicated with the desorption liquid storage tank. The resin regeneration efficiency can be effectively improved through the separator in a counter-current manner, the yield of a desorption liquid is reduced, mechanical wear of the resin is avoided and the fixed bed counter-current regeneration device can be matched with large-scale ion exchange resin application engineering.