The invention discloses a permanent magnet type on-column vacuum breaker. The vacuum breaker includes a base and a transmission mechanism used for transmitting power; the transmission mechanism includes a supporting frame welded to the base, a first orbital hole and a second orbital hole are formed in the supporting frame, an included angle exists between the first orbital hole and the second orbital hole which are both shaped like a kidney-shaped hole, the transmission mechanism further includes a main shaft, the side face of the main shaft is provided with a first limiting column inserted into the first orbital hole, a rotation rod rotationally connected with the first limiting column is arranged on the first limiting column, the end, in the backward direction of first limiting column, of the rotation rod is provided with a second limiting column inserted into the second orbital hole, an insulating pull rod rotationally connected with the second limiting column is arranged on the second limited column, the insulating pull rod is connected with a divide-shut brake mechanism, the first limiting column is provided with a first double-row tapered roller bearing whose inner ring is fixedly connected with the first limiting column, the second limiting column is provided with a second double-row tapered roller bearing whose inner ring is fixedly connected with the second limiting column, the first double-row tapered roller bearing is provided with a first idler wheel fixedly connected with the outer ring of the first double-row tapered roller bearing, and the second double-row tapered roller bearing is provided with a second idler wheel fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second double-row tapered roller bearing.