The invention discloses a wind resource monitoring system and a wind resource monitoring method based on ZigBee. The system comprises a wind speed monitoring module and an upper computer which communicates with each other via a serial port, wherein the wind speed detection module comprises a collection and transmission end and a coordinator, the collection and transmission end comprises a plurality of wind speed monitoring nodes with ZigBee functions distributed in a wind power plant, wind speed data collected by each wind speed monitoring node is transmitted to the coordinator via a wireless communication protocol of the ZigBee, and the coordinator sends the collected wind speed data to the upper computer via the serial port. According to the system and the method provided by the invention, the problem that a geographical coverage degree is small as an independent meteorological station is used for collecting data is well compensated, relatively comprehensive environmental data can be acquired, a certain basis is provided for use and analysis of wind energy, and a good application value is provided for an environment assessment machine of the wind power plant.