The present invention discloses a system and method for a shock test of a controllable arrester in an extra-high voltage environment based on time series. The system comprises: a voltage generation unit consisting of a transformer and a breaker; a breaker configured to control the communication of a circuit, wherein the transformer generates extra-high voltage after the circuit is communicated; a test unit consisting of a test segment configured to connect the controllable arrester to be detected, wherein the controllable arrester consists of a control switch, a controlled element and a fixed element, and the control switch is configured to control the accessing or disconnection of the controlled element, the transformer outputs the extra-high voltage to the test segment, and the controllable arrester is configured to reduce the switching overvoltage of the test segment; and a sequential control unit consisting of a time relay configured to control time series to allow the control switch to control the accessing of the controlled element prior to the closing of the breaker, the controllable arrester performs restriction for the switching overvoltage of the test segment to reduce the switching overvoltage amplitude of the test segment.