The invention provides a semiconductor refrigeration control method. The semiconductor refrigeration control method includes: S1, providing a semiconductor refrigerator which comprises a refrigeration chamber and a refrigeration system used for refrigerating the refrigeration chamber, wherein the refrigeration system comprises at least three semiconductor-refrigerating chips, a control system and a detection unit; S2, arranging preset temperature T0; S3, the detection unit detecting chamber temperature T1 and outdoor temperature T2 and sending to the control system; S4, the control system controlling different amount of the semiconductor-refrigerating chips to operate according to first difference-T1 of the preset temperature T0 and the outdoor temperature T2 or second difference-T2 of the chamber temperature T1 and the outdoor temperature T2. With the method, the semiconductor-refrigerating chips with proper amount are selected to operation according to the preset temperature T0, the chamber temperature T1 and the outdoor temperature T2, and energy conservation effect is realized.