The invention discloses an upper-expansion cement composite pile which comprises a precast concrete tubular pile, wherein a center hole is formed in the precast concrete tubular pile and filled with a first cement pile; a second cement pile is arranged outside the precast concrete tubular pile; the second cement pile comprises upper and lower sections; the pile diameter of the upper section is greater than that of the lower section; and a first variable-diameter section is arranged between the upper section and the lower section. Compared with a single-diameter pile body of the same length and equal concrete dosage, the upper-expansion cement composite pile disclosed by the invention has larger pile foundation bearing capacity; on the premise of meeting the bearing force design requirements, relatively short pile is realized; and meanwhile, the capability development of the side resistance of the pile foundation is stronger, and the upper-expansion cement composite pile is particularly suitable for the geological conditions that upper soil is obviously superior to lower soil.