The invention discloses a mechanical fast nail pulling-out device. The mechanical fast nail pulling-out device comprises a hollow shell, an air compression shell fixed to the surface of the hollow shell and a hollow area arranged inside the air compression shell and used for storing air. The hollow shell is hollow inside to form a working area; a first partition board and a limiting protruding structure are fixedly arranged inside the working area of the hollow shell; a threaded rod penetrates through the center of the hollow shell; the threaded rod is in threaded connection with the positions, which the threaded rod penetrates through, of the hollow shell; a fixing shaft is connected to the bottom of the threaded rod through a bearing; and a nail pulling-out clamping block is fixed to the bottom of the fixing shaft. By means of the mechanical fast nail pulling-out device, force is applied together through manual rotation by people, air impact force and acting force of electromagnetism, the labor intensity of workers is effectively relieved when nails are pulled out, and moreover, the mechanical fast nail pulling-out device is portable and convenient to use and is not limited by the environmental conditions during use.