The invention relates to a water-blocking corrosion-resistant submarine composite power cable with optical fibers, and belongs to the technical field of cables. The composite cable comprises a plurality of power wire core units, a plurality of optical fiber units, fillers and a protective layer unit, wherein the power wire core units and the optical fiber units are coated with the protective layer unit; the fillers are filled among the protective layer unit, the power wire core units and the optical fiber units; each power wire core unit sequentially comprises a conductor, a conductor shielding layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulation layer, an insulation shielding layer, a metal shielding layer, a lead sheath layer and a high-density polyethylene sheath layer from inside to outside; the protective layer unit sequentially comprises a lining layer, an armored steel wire layer and an anticorrosive asphalt-coated polypropylene layer from inside to outside; and the armored steel wire layer and the anticorrosive asphalt-coated polypropylene layer sequentially coat the outer surface of the lining layer. Through improvement of the insulation shielding layers, the power wire core units have excellent water resistance and seawater corrosion resistance, and the service life of the composite cable is effectively prolonged.