The invention provides a multi-function vehicle-mounted overload monitoring system. The system comprises at least one ultrasonic sensor, a temperature sensor, a load-carrying measurement apparatus, a communication apparatus and hand-held equipment. The temperature sensor, the load-carrying measurement apparatus and the communication apparatus are fixed to one vehicle body. The ultrasonic sensor is fixed to one suspension frame of the vehicle body. The ultrasonic sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the load-carrying measurement apparatus in a communication connection mode respectively. The load-carrying measurement apparatus is connected to the hand-held equipment and a monitoring center in the communication connection mode through the communication apparatus. By using the multi-function vehicle-mounted overload monitoring system, any structure components of a vehicle do not need to be changed, and the system possesses advantages that reliability is high; stability is good; cost is low; and dynamic real-time monitoring of the vehicle can be realized.