The invention discloses a novel monorail traffic rail beam unit, comprising rail beams, a connection beam and support structures, wherein the two rail beams are parallelly arranged, each rail beam bears a rail vehicle alone, the connection beam is disposed at least two ends of the rail beams and is effectively connected to the same ends of the rail beams, and the support structures are disposed at least at two ends of the rail beams and are effectively connected to the ends of the rail beams. The design concept of a monorail traffic system in the prior art is changed, the connection beam is disposed at the ends of the bidirectional rail beams and is integrally connected, load is reliably transmitted, tensile stress in the support structures below the rail beams is greatly decreased, safety of a system is improved, and the production cost of the system is reduced. The novel monorail traffic rail beam unit and system are simple in structure, reasonable in design and good in stress-bearing performance, and have good environmental adaptability and economic efficacy.