The invention discloses a method and apparatus for controlling the energy transfer of a DC distribution network. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, dividing a scheduling period into N scheduling time segments; and then collecting load predicted data, output predicted data of renewable energy, the time-of-use power price of an AC power grid, and the power generation cost of a controllable generator in a scheduling period; and then establishing a objective function by using economic cost as a control objective and by using the power balance constraint in the distribution network, the power constraint of a converter and the controllable generator, the energy constraint of an energy storage system as constraints, subjecting the objective function to optimization computation to obtain scheduling instructions of the controllable generator and the energy storage systems in respective scheduling time segments within the scheduling period; finally, controlling the controllable generator and the energy storage systems in accordance with the scheduling instructions. By optimizing the operation state and the control instructions of the controllable unit in the DC distribution network, the method enables the system realize efficient use of limited resources under the condition of satisfying the safe and reliable operation.