The invention relates to an automatic running control method and device for a sodium-sulfur cell energy storage system. The method comprises the following steps: judging if executing automatic running control; if not, ending the process; if yes, reading a setting result of a control plan setting module, selecting a working mode, executing the control plan and judging if the control plan is ended; if the control plan is ended, ending the process; and if the control plan is not ended, executing the control plan for the next stage. The device comprises a mode selecting module, the control plan setting module and a control plan executing module, wherein the mode selecting module is used for selecting the automatic running or manual running of the sodium-sulfur cell energy storage system; the control plan setting module is used for setting the working mode, waiting time, charging/discharging hours and running power of the sodium-sulfur cell energy storage system; and the control plan executing module is used for executing the control plan according to the setting result of the control plan setting module. Compared with the prior art, the automatic running control device has the advantages of convenient operation, high degree of automation, high accuracy, suitability for large-size energy storage systems, and the like.