The invention relates to an airbag punching type pneumatic mud booster pump; an airbag is suspended in the pump body; an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe on the top of the airbag can charge and discharge high pressure air for the airbag; two sides on the bottom of the pump body are fixedly provided with mud inlet/outlet pipes; the airbag can discharge air to contract, the mud outlet pipe valve is closed, the mud inlet pipe starts to suck mud, and the mud can fully fill the pump body; when the airbag is filled with high pressure air, the airbag expands to pressurize the mud, the mud inlet pipe valve closes, and the mud outlet pipe opens to discharge the mud; normally, three pump bodies form one group, wherein one pump body inflates, two pump bodies 1 discharge air, and the pump bodies can alternatively work so as to continuously pressurize; the airbag punching type pneumatic mud booster pump is simple in structure, easy to mount, and can reduce laboring intensity; the mud in the pump body can be isolated by the airbag outer wall in an airbag air charge/discharge process; the mud is sealed, and cannot overflow, thus improving environmental protection performance, reducing cost, and the airbag punching type pneumatic mud booster pump is suitable for mountain area and river network ecology desilting long distance conveying.