A fingerprint identification sensor capable of quickly identifying comprises a substrate, a current-conducting plate, a passivation layer, a charging capacitor, a switching group and an analog-digital converter. The current-conducting plate is arranged on the substrate; the passivation layer is arranged on the current-conducting plate and is close to a finger for detecting a fingerprint; the switching group comprises a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being used for controlling an input voltage to charge the charging capacitor, and the two ends of the second switch being respectively and electrically connected to the current-conducting plate as well as the first switch and the charging capacitor; the analog-digital converter is electrically connected to the charging capacitor; the second switch is used for controlling the charging capacitor to share charges for a plurality of times; and the analog-digital converter is used for outputting a fingerprint identification signal according to a residual voltage obtained after charge sharing.