The invention discloses an anion exchange membrane containing a guanidine molecular liquid, having excellent alkali-resistant stability and high-conductivity used for a fuel cell, and a preparation method for the anion exchange membrane, and belongs to the technical field of the fuel cell. An acetic acid solution is used as a solvent; and a quaternized chitosan (QCS) powder which is subjected to quaternization modification and then has a semi-rigid high-polymer framework structure is fully dissolved to be used as a membrane base solution. A dual-amino molecular guanidine is uniformly doped to a membrane-casting solution by a simple chemical crosslinking method; and film-forming through casting in a glass plate through a tape casting method is performed, and then the dried membrane is immersed into a potassium hydroxide solution to prepare the hydroxyl ion type anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membrane prepared by the invention has excellent alkali-resistant stability and relatively high conductivity, so that the problems of poor alkali-resistant stability and lowering of the conductivity of a quaternary ammonium type anion exchange membrane caused by degradation in an alkali solution are solved.