The invention discloses a setting and adjustment method for thermal control PID parameters based on MATLAB modeling and simulation and relates to the setting technology for thermal control PID parameters based on MATLAB in order to solve that the regular setting method requires multiple disturbance tests lasting longer time and having bad influence on the unit. The method comprises the steps of I, setting the modeling; II, preliminarily setting PID parameters;III, using the preliminarily set PID parameters for stimulation; IV, calibrating PID parameters according to the waveforms of oscilloscope function block; V, inputting the calibrated PID parameters into the thermal control PID controller of actual system; VI, judging whether the experimental waveforms obtained in the actual system are consistent with the waveforms of oscilloscope function block of MATLAB. In case of consistency, the method shall be ended, and in case of inconsistency, the controlled object shall be amended returning to step IV. The method applies to setting and adjusting the thermal control PID parameters.