The invention belongs to the field of automatic heading control and particularly relates to an FPGA based sailing ship heading controller. The FPGA based sailing ship heading controller includes that 1, wind speed and direction collection is achieved by a TLC2552 12-digit dual-channel analog-digital converter, GPS signal collection is achieved by adopting a GPS-OEM, and a rudder servo system feeds back rudder angle information; 2, rapid data processing is achieved through a field programmable gate array (FPGA); 3, data communication with an upper computer is completed through a TL16C752B asynchronous serial communication protocol chip and an MAX3160 multiprotocol transceiver to achieve intelligent heading control. The system hardware are the TL16C752B asynchronous serial communication protocol chip and the MAX3160 multiprotocol transceiver, so that the heading controller meets the requirement for double-communication-protocol data transmission and therefore has better applicability, and meanwhile the system is simple in structure and low in cost.