The invention provides a cloud service-based intelligent capsule detection system. The system comprises a detection capsule, an in-vitro portable signal receiving-transmitting recorder, a mobile terminal processor and a cloud server, wherein the detection capsule can be used for simultaneously acquiring an image of the gastric inner wall and marker information of disease in the gastric juice, and transmitting detection information to the in-vitro portable signal receiving-transmitting recorder by virtue of a built-in wireless transmission module; the in-vitro portable signal receiving-transmitting recorder can be used for saving, processing and displaying data, and communicates with the mobile terminal processor in a wireless mode; the mobile terminal processor is used for displaying, analyzing and saving the received data, and uploading the data into the cloud server for saving. The capsule can be used for acquiring gastric disease information by adopting an image sensor and an immune chemical sensor, so that the reliability of detection results can be improved. The intelligent capsule detection system adopts cloud saving to ensure data safety and improve using convenience for patients and doctors.