The invention discloses a satellite docking and locking automatic control method and system. According to the control method, a motor is adopted by a locking executing mechanism for providing power, and the locking executing mechanism comprises an enclasping assembly mounted on a base and used for achieving the enclasping and downwards pressing functions on a docking ring of a target satellite, a locking assembly used for achieving locking with the docking ring of the target satellite and a damping mechanism used for reducing rigid impact when the locking executing mechanism makes contact with the target satellite. According to the satellite docking and locking automatic control method and system, closed loop full-automatic control over the satellite docking and locking process can be achieved, actions of enclasping, downwards pressing and locking of the locking mechanism to the docking ring of the target satellite can be completed automatically and accurately without human participation, the locking process and state can be automatically monitored in real time in the whole process, and the automation degree and reliability of locking of the satellite docking ring are greatly improved.