The invention discloses an anti-theft method and device for a balance car. The anti-theft method comprises the steps that the first human body characteristic information of a current user located on the balance car is obtained; the predetermined second human body characteristic information is obtained; and the situation that the second human body characteristic information does not include the first human body characteristic information is ensured, and in response, reminding information is output and used for reminding that the current user is different from a predetermined user. By means of the technical scheme, the first human body characteristic information of the current user located on the balance car can be obtained, and the stored predetermined second human body characteristic information, for example, the human body characteristic information of a balance car owner, can be obtained; when the second human body characteristic information does not include the first human body characteristic information, that is, when the human body characteristic information of the current user is not the predetermined human body characteristic information, the reminding information is output, and thus the owner is reminded that the current user is different from the predetermined user; and in this way, the balance car can be prevented from being stolen, and the property loss of the owner can be avoided.