The invention discloses a method and a device for arranging buried pipeline local grounding points, which relate to the technical field of buried pipeline protection and aim at solving the problems of low accuracy and lacked standard operation process when local grounding point arrangement is carried out on the buried pipeline according to experience. The method of arranging buried pipeline local grounding points comprises steps: an initial pipe-ground potential difference and pipe-ground potential differences from a first to an Hth are acquired; the minimal pipe-ground potential difference and the corresponding position vector are then acquired; the minimal pipe-ground potential difference is then compared with the maximal pipe-ground potential allowed by the buried pipeline, and when conditions are met, the acquired position vector corresponding to the minimal pipe-ground potential difference is the target result; or otherwise, one is added to the number of local grounding points and the minimal pipe-ground potential difference is then acquired again until the conditions are met. The method of arranging buried pipeline local grounding points provided by the invention is used for optimally arranging the buried pipeline local grounding points.