The invention relates to the field of greenhouse engineering and photovoltaic technology and discloses a distributive photovoltaic multi-span trough-type sunlight greenhouse. The distributive photovoltaic multi-span trough-type sunlight greenhouse comprises multiple greenhouse units sequentially arranged along the east-west direction. A gap is kept between adjacent greenhouse units. Each gap is provided with a thermal storage temperature-regulation unit used for providing heat to the two adjacent greenhouse units. A solar cell panel is arranged above each thermal storage temperature-regulation unit. The invention further discloses an energy control method for the distributive photovoltaic multi-span trough-type sunlight greenhouse. The energy control method is capable of reducing mutual interference and unfavorable competition of greenhouse production and photovoltaic power generation so that luminous energy and space can be distributed in a balanced manner. Therefore, per-unit land area agriculture and photovoltaic benefit can be maximized.