The invention discloses a lubricating device of a rubber belt conveyor, comprising a transmission device, a spiral propeller and an oil tank, wherein the transmission device is connected with a rolling barrel of the rubber belt conveyor, the spiral propeller includes a spiral shaft and a barrel body, the spiral shaft is fixedly connected with the transmission device, the barrel body sleeves the spiral shaft, an end cap is arranged on the barrel body and is configured to discharge oil, and the oil tank is fixedly connected with the barrel body. When the lubricating device of the rubber belt conveyor disclosed by the invention is applied, the transmission device is driven by the rolling barrel to rotate, so as to drive the spiral shaft to rotate, lubricating oil in the oil tank enters the barrel body by means of the spiral shaft and is propelled to advance by the spiral shaft, and therefore the lubricating oil is pushed to the end cap to discharge oil so as to complete the lubrication of the rubber belt conveyor. Obviously, the lubricating device of the rubber belt conveyor disclosed by the invention drives the spiral propeller to realize the lubrication by means of the transmission device, high lubricating efficiency is realized, labor cost is saved, and meanwhile the lubricating effect is ensured. The invention further discloses the rubber belt conveyor comprising the lubricating device.