The invention discloses an optical fiber attenuation entire real-time online automatic monitoring method, and belongs to the field of optical communications. The method mainly comprises the following steps: remotely collecting light-receiving power and light-emitting power of online network equipment, acquiring an optical fiber attenuation value through the computation, comparing the optical fiber attenuation value with a standard attenuation value (acquired through theoretical computation or actual measurement), and analyzing; when the different value between the current attenuation and the standard attenuation meets the requirement (namely in a certain range), storing the collected light-receiving power and the light-emitting power to form a historic trend curve so as to perform the equipment deterioration analysis; if the different value between the current attenuation and the standard attenuation is excessive big, the system recording and giving an alarm. The invention mainly provides an optical fiber attenuation entire real-time online automatic monitoring method so that the optical cable transmission quality and the running condition of the optical transmission equipment are controllable, can be controlled and are in the control.