The invention discloses a power utilization information acquisition system based streetlamp control system and method. The system comprises a master station, an integrated controller and a plurality of streetlamp controllers, wherein the integrated controller is in connection communication with the master station through general packet radio service (GPRS), is simultaneously connected with a standard three-phase power line carrier communication module of a state grid through a serial port, and adopts an improved 1376.2-2013 protocol for communication, each streetlamp controller is connected with a standard single-phase power line carrier communication module of the state grid through a series port and adopts an improved DLT645-2007 protocol for communication, and the standard single-phase power line carrier communication module of the state grid is connected with the standard three-phase power line carrier communication module of the state grid through a power line. With the adoption of the standard power carrier communication module of the state grid, the existing communication protocol is improved and can be applied to power carrier modules of different factories; and moreover, a large amount of codes are not needed to change during module replacement, and the workload of system building is greatly reduced.