The invention discloses an anti-radiation casing of a detecting instrument for human body safety check. The anti-radiation casing comprises an external layer, an external middle layer, an internal middle layer and an internal layer, wherein the internal middle layer and the internal layer cling to each other, and are pressed closely to form an integral layer; the external middle layer covers the internal middle layer in a detachable manner; the external layer covers the external middle layer in a detachable manner; the external layer is an all-silver fiber knitted fabric layer, the all-silver fiber knitted fabric layer is a composite fiber formed by the fusion of silver ions and an ordinary fabric, and has the advantages of good air permeability, bacterial resistance, capability of eliminating static electricity and stable shielding performance with an anti-radiation shielding value of not lower than 70DB; the external middle layer is a deep sea sediment fabric layer, the deep sea sediment fabric layer is a fabric layer formed by spinning a metal fiber or silver fiber material that is developed by means of a deep sea sediment technology and a lint cotton fiber with a micronaire value of 4.1-4.3 in a mixed manner, and an effective radiation shielding value of the deep sea sediment fabric layer is not lower than 80DB.