The invention discloses a sample liquid purification processing method for detecting squalene contained in cigarette smoke through high performance liquid chromatography. Smoke solid particle phase matter is collected and extracted through chloroform, an obtained extracting solution is subjected to rotary evaporation to be dry, dissolution is performed through n-hexane, washing is performed through n-hexane, column chromatography separation processing is performed after the obtained extracting solution is subjected to rotary evaporation to be dry, washing is performed through chloroform, eluant is collected and subjected to rotary evaporation to be dry, volume is made constant through chromatographic acetonitrile, the solution passes a 0.22 micron filter membrane, the obtained filter liquor is a to-be-tested sample solution, and a silica gel solid phase extraction column is adopted for column chromatography separation. Based on the sample pro-processing method, the high performance liquid chromatography detection method for squalene in the smoke can be built, chromatographic peak separation is good, the advantages of being accurate, fast, high in sensitivity, good in repeatability, high in recycling rate and the like are achieved, the qualitative requirement is met, and the quantitative requirement is met.