The invention discloses a synchronous decoloring and nitrogen recovery method for printing wastewater.The synchronous decoloring and nitrogen recovery method is characterized by including the steps of adding cation exchange resin into the printing wastewater and stirring for 10-180 minutes; separating cation exchange resin precipitate from the wastewater; separating suspended matters in the wastewater from the wastewater by a conventional precipitation method or an air-flotation method; subjecting the precipitated cation exchange resin to dehydration and acid solution treatment sequentially, and recovering nitrogen to enable the resin to regenerate; adding the regenerated cation exchange resin into the printing wastewater and using circularly.The synchronous decoloring and nitrogen recovery method for the printing wastewater has the advantages that according to a treatment method, printing wastewater decolorizing ratio is above 99.5%, ammonium-nitrogen removal rate is above 85%, CODCr removal rate is above 90%, synchronous printing wastewater decoloring and nitrogen recovery are achieved, and the content of acid ions in the wastewater is not increased.