The invention provides a wear resistance and corrosion resistance treatment method for surfaces of aluminum base valve parts in the petroleum industry. The parts to be treated are placed in a dilute sulfuric acid electrolytic solution to be subjected to electrolyzation, the electrolyzation voltage is controlled to be within the range of 40 V to 90 V, the current density is controlled to be 0.5 A/dm<2> firstly before electrolyzation is started, then the current density is increased step by step for 5 times to 8 times within 20 minutes to 25 minutes till the current density reaches 2.5 A/dm<2>, then the current density in an electrolytic cell is kept at 2.5 A/dm<2>, the electrolyzation time is controlled to range from 1 hour to 3 hours, and finally aluminum oxide ceramic layers with the thickness ranging from 20 micrometers to 100 micrometers are formed on the surfaces of the aluminum base valve parts in the petroleum industry in a self-growth manner. According to the method, wear resistance and corrosion resistance treatment is conducted on the surfaces of the aluminum base valve parts in the petroleum industry based on the principle that the ceramic layers are formed on the surfaces of aluminum base workpieces in the self-growth manner according to the hard anodizing technology, the wear and corrosion problems of the petroleum valve parts are solved effectively, the treatment period is short, the yield is high, the performance stability is high, and the method has broad market prospects.