The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, particularly relates to an efficient cooling system for a data machine room, and solves the technical problem of the bad cooling effect of the existing machine room. The efficient cooling system for the data machine room comprises a machine room with multiple machine cabinets, wherein a heat exchanging terminal is arranged on each machine cabinet separately; the heat exchanging terminals are connected with an underground heat exchanging mechanism; the underground heat exchanging mechanism is connected with an evaporation cooling mechanism through a drainage power mechanism, wherein the evaporation cooling mechanism is arranged on the top of the machine room and capable of enabling a heat exchanging medium to backflow to the underground heat exchanging mechanism; an auxiliary cooling assembly connected with the underground heat exchanging mechanism and the drainage power mechanismseparately is arranged on one side of the machine room; and the underground heat exchanging mechanism is connected with a switching mechanism. The efficient cooling system has the advantages as follows: the cooling modes are diversified, so that different cooling ways can be switched according to different seasons; the system adopts a ground source superconducting pipe for direct cooling, so that the energy consumption of the cooling system is lowered; a roofing evaporation cooler can reduce temperatures of water flows and the roofing enclosing structure through an evaporation cooling way, so that a large amount of electric energy is saved.