The invention discloses a preparation method of a zinc oxide target and a preparation method of a zinc oxide film. The preparation method of the zinc oxide target comprises the following steps: providing a target raw material, and ball milling the target raw material for the first time to obtain powder; calcining the powder; ball milling the calcined powder for the second time and then granulating to obtain particles; forming the particles into a biscuit; degreasing the biscuit in air atmosphere to obtain a degreased biscuit; and anaerobically sintering the degreased biscuit to obtain the zinc oxide target. The zinc oxide target prepared by the preparation method of the zinc oxide target has good electrical conductivity. The conductive target may be made into a zinc oxide film high in resistivity and transparency by means of direct-current magnetron sputtering and oxygen atmospheric coating. The target prepared in the invention can meet the requirements for direct-current magnetron sputtering and high-resistance zinc oxide film preparation.