The invention provides an obstacle navigation method of a robot used for overhead high voltage power transmission line live maintenance. The robot comprises a robot platform, and first and second walking arm components and operating arm components which are arranged on the robot platform and can move relative to the robot platform. The first and second walking arm components can respectively walk, clamp, loosen or separate from a conductive line along the conductive line. When the robot moves to the first side of an obstacle, the second walking arm component clamps the conductive line; the first walking arm component loosens and separates from the conductive line; the first walking arm component moves to the second side of the obstacle along the robot platform; the first walking arm component clamps the conductive line again at the second side of the obstacle; the second walking arm component loosens and separates from the conductive line; the second walking arm component moves to the second side of the obstacle along the robot platform; and the second walking arm component clamps the conductive line again at the second side of the obstacle. The high-altitude obstacle navigation function of this type of robot can be realized.