The invention discloses a wind speed measurement system and method of a pulverized-coal-included airflow of a pulverized coal feeding pipe of a coal-fired boiler. The measurement system comprises a pulverized-coal-included airflow sampling device, a differential pressure measurement apparatus, a speed measurement system and a controller. The pulverized-coal-included airflow sampling device includes a sampling head; a first pressure measurement hole and a second pressure measurement hole are formed in the sampling head; and the inlet of the differential pressure measurement apparatus is communicated with the first pressure measurement hole and the second pressure measurement hole respectively. The speed measurement system includes a gas-solid separation device and a speed measurement device; the inlet of the gas-solid separation device is connected with the pulverized-coal-included airflow sampling device and the outlet of the gas-solid separation device is connected with an airflow inlet of the speed measurement device; an airflow outlet of the speed measurement device is connected with a negative-pressure exhausting apparatus; and the output terminal of the speed measurement device is connected with the controller. A bending-head type pulverized coal sampling gun can carry out full-cross-section sampling, thereby guaranteeing measurement accuracy; and with a back-flushing anti-blocking system, blocking of a pressure transmitting pipe and a pressure measuring hole can be effectively prevented.