The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a test strip sorting mechanism. The test strip sorting mechanism comprises a test strip box. An ejecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the test strip box in a penetrating mode. A groove is formed in the top end of the ejecting plate. A conveying belt is arranged on one side of the test strip box. A separating and conveying device is arranged above the test strip box. The test strip box and/or the ejecting plate is connected with a kinematic pair. The test strip sorting mechanism further comprises a judging device, a flanging device, a cleaning device and a program control system. The separating and conveying device, the kinematic pair, the judging device, the flanging device and the cleaning device are all connected with the program control system. The invention further provides a test strip sorting method using the test strip sorting mechanism. By means of the test strip sorting mechanism and sorting method, automatic sorting of test strips is achieved, automatic sorting, separating and conveying functions are achieved, and the automation degree is high; in addition, sorting of the test strips can be controlled through the program control system, the automatic judging function, the automatic flanging function, the automatic cleaning function and the like are achieved, operation is convenient, and the structure is simple.