Provided is a shearing test box capable of relatively truly simulating stress deformation characteristics of a contact face of soil and a structure. The shearing test box is provided with an upper shearing box body filled with a soil sample, and the upper shearing box body is fixed to a test instrument framework through an upper shearing box fixing device. A pressurizing cap is arranged on the top of the upper shearing box body. A lower shearing box body filled with a structure material is arranged at the bottom of the upper shearing box body. The shearing test box is characterized in that the upper shearing box body is composed of a top freely-telescopic spring tube, an upper top plate, a front organic glass baffle, a rear metal baffle, a left-right chain type baffle, a movable support and a constraint support. The shearing test box overcomes defects in the prior art, and by means of introduction of the chain type baffle, a contact face test accords with real soil work state near a contact face. The size of the lower shearing box body is larger than that of the upper shearing box body so that it can be guaranteed that in the test process, the shearing area of the contact face of the soil and the structure is not changed. By means of the novel test box for the contact face of the soil and the structure, free deformation of soil in the contact face area in the shearing direction can be achieved, test results are accurate, and the observation effect is good.