The invention relates to a dustproof ventilation device for a machine cabinet and the machine cabinet with the dustproof ventilation device. The dustproof ventilation device for the machine cabinet comprises a cabinet body provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; a circumferential surrounding frame is arranged at the positions, corresponding to the through holes, of the inner side wall of the cabinet body, and a plurality of waterproof grating blades are all sequentially arranged in the circumferential surrounding frame in the vertical direction at intervals and are obliquely arranged in parallel; the circumferential surrounding frame is provided with an opening part deviating from the ventilation holes, and a filter screen is fixed to the opening part of the circumferential surrounding frame in a press fitting mode through a filter screen pressing frame; one side of the filter screen pressing frame is correspondingly assembled to the circumferential surrounding frame in a hinged manner around a hinged shaft; a detachable fixed connection structure is arranged between the filter screen pressing frame and the circumferential surrounding frame. In use, when the filter screen needs to be replaced and cleaned, the detachable fixed connection structure is opened, the filter screen pressing frame rotates reversely around the hinged shaft to get away from a fixed pressing frame, then the filter screen can be replaced, replacement, assembly and disassembly are all convenient, and operation is easy.