The embodiment of the invention discloses a photoelectric tube fixing and tuning system which comprises a photoelectric tube including an emission port for emitting optical signals, and a slide rail arranged on the emission port and extending along the direction away from the emission port. The plane where the slide rail is situated is parallel to the optical signals emitted by the emission port. The photoelectric tube is further provided with an optical signal adjusting member which adjusts the projecting direction of optical signals. A scaled blocking sheet is detachably arranged on the slide rail, the plane, where the blocking sheet is situated, is perpendicular to the plane, where the slide rail is situated, and the distance between the blocking sheet and the emission port is adjustable. The projecting direction of the optical signals is detected by the blocking sheet and calibrated by the optical signal adjusting member, so that the position of the optical signals at a receiving terminal is quantitatively controllable, and an operator can conveniently find optical signals at the receiving terminal. The photoelectric tube is thus aligned with the receiving terminal.