The invention discloses a dispersion strengthening copper-based composite material for a spot-welding electrode and a preparation method of the dispersion strengthening copper-based composite material, and belongs to the technical field of metal-based composite materials. The dispersion strengthening copper-based composite material for the spot-welding electrode is composed of, by mass, 5%-10% of TiC, 0.5%-1% of Ce, 0.5%-1% of La2O3, 0.1%-1% of Al2O3 and the balance Cu. The TiC has the characteristics of being high in hardness, high in melting point and good in heat stability. The TiC and the Cu are not subjected to solid solution with each other. The prepared composite material not only has the TiC characteristics of being high in strength, high in hardness and high in melting point but also has the Cu characteristics of being high in electrical conductivity, high in thermal conductivity and the like. Furthermore, the strength, abrasion resistance and high-temperature resistance of copper can be improved through the TiC. The light rare earth element Ce and the light rare earth oxide La2O3 have the effects of strengthening the grain boundary and refining crystal grains, and thus the strength and machinability of the composite material can be improved.