The invention provides preparation of abrasion-resisting super-hydrophobic cotton cloth. Commercial cotton cloth is used as a base, ethyl silicate serves as a precursor, ammonia water serves as a catalyst, a silane coupling agent serves as a modifying agent, ethyl alcohol serves as a medium, and preparation is achieved through ultrasonic reaction, washing and drying. The super-hydrophobic cotton cloth has good super-hydrophobic performance, namely oil-water separation selectivity and is resistant to friction and saline water. The abrasion-resisting super-hydrophobic cotton cloth is sewn into a cloth bag, the cloth bag is filled with polyurethane foam or degreased cotton and then is connected with a vacuum pump, the cotton cloth has very high continuous absorption efficiency (separation efficiency can be higher than 99%) to oil contained in an oil-water mixture and is used for remediating water bodies subjected to marine crude oil leakage and oil-containing industrial wastewater treatment and the like, oil can be quickly removed and collected, water can be still retained in original places, and the step of simultaneously collecting oil and water and then re-discharging the water of a traditional method is omitted. The two steps of oil-water separation and transfer are combined in one, energy waste is reduced, and the water accumulation influence on the separation process is avoided.