A fiber grating vibration sensor comprises a support housing (12) and a connection rod mechanism disposed in the support housing (12). The connection rod mechanism comprises a first arm (150) in a horizontal direction and a second arm (160) in a vertical direction. A first end of the first arm (150) is a free end. A second end of the first arm (150) is connected to a second end of the second arm (160), so that the first arm (150) and the second arm (160) form an L shape. The connection rod mechanism is also provided with a first fixed rotary shaft (156). The first fixed rotary shaft (156) is perpendicular to the length direction of a strain fiber grating (120) and is fixed to the support housing (12), so that the first arm (150) can rotate relative to the first fixed rotary shaft (156), and the first arm (150) drives the second arm (160) to rotate. A first end of the strain fiber grating (120) is packaged on the second arm (160) of the connection rod mechanism, and a second end of the strain fiber grating (120) is packaged on the support housing (12). An overload protection apparatus (112) is fixed on the inner side of the support housing (12), and is used for defining a movement range of the first arm (150). The sensor can avoid a shear force in a traverse direction of the fiber grating and improve the reliability and the stability of the sensor.