The invention discloses an intercooling type two-stage absorption refrigeration system. The intercooling type two-stage absorption refrigeration system comprises a high-pressure generator, a condenser, a first throttling device, an intercooler, a high-pressure absorber, a first circulating pump, a second throttling device, a first solution heat exchanger a third throttling device, an evaporator, a low-pressure absorber, a second circulating pump, a fourth throttling device, a second solution heat exchanger and a low-pressure generator. Compared with a traditional two-stage absorption refrigeration system, the intercooler is added, connection pipelines are changed, and the reasonable distribution of steam of the outlet of the low-pressure generator is achieved so that the reasonable energy coupling inside the intercooler can be promoted and the medium temperature changes can be achieved; the generation temperature of the high-pressure stage and the low-pressure stage, the generator heat input and the corresponding refrigerant flow distribution are effectively regulated, an extremely-low-grade heat source can be used by the low-pressure stage, and therefore the absorbed waste heat utilization range of the two stages is widened, and the intercooling type two-stage absorption refrigeration system is wider in application range and more flexible to regulate; in addition, through the reasonable middle temperature regulation, the circulating performance coefficient can reach 0.4 or above.